Spirulina research papers pdf. It is considered a potential solution for combating malnutrition/anemias, oxidative stress, cancer, viral and bacterial infections, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, obesity, inflammatory allergic reactions, heavy metal/chemical Nov 1, 2017 · The primary objective of this paper is to review the utilization of Spirulina as a dietary supplement in the food industry. 9 times higher than that of the cranberry syrup, while antioxidant activity was 2. Spirulina has been grown and harvested by ancient | Find, read and cite all the research you need Mar 28, 2022 · In house cultivated Spirulina powder was incorporated at 2 to 15% concentrations to enrich pasta prepared from semolina. info International Journal of Pharmaceutical & Biological Archives 2012; 3(6): 1327-1341 REVIEW ARTICLE Spirulina Cultivation: A Review G. This study was conducted at the wet laboratory, Marine and Sterilized paper discs (6 mm) were prepared and saturated with Spirulina extracts. High content of potassium present in Spirulina corrects hypertension and helps in proper functioning of heart muscles and nerves. ,. ash, and digestible energy in the spirulina biomass. Arthrospira platensis, commonly known as Spirulina, is a blue-green cyanobacterium, classified as a “superfood”, used worldwide as a nutraceutical Jan 1, 2013 · PDF | Arthospira (spirulina) is a photosynthetic, spiral-shaped, multicellular and blue-green alga. This alga contains a diverse concentration of nutrients and has emerged as a wonder drug Nov 1, 2019 · Photosynthetic microorganisms are one of the most promising sources of energy as they are renewable and CO 2 neutral. 9 times higher and TPC—2. 02 g of spirulina per day, which is very low compared to other clinical trials and may explain their contrasting results (Koite et al. The reducing power of Japanese quince syrup was 1. Up to very recently, the interest in Spirulina was mainly in its nutritive value. Primarily sold as a dietary supplement, it is also incorporated into snacks, pasta, cookies, and bread. Created with BioRender. com (accessed on 8 March 2022). Species belonging to the genus Spirulina, now called Arthrospira, are among the photosynthetic microorganisms of commercial importance (Salunke et al. download Download free PDF View PDF chevron_right Trends in the Uses of Spirulina Microalga: A mini-review Spirulina is a microscopic filamentous alga that is rich in proteins, vitamins, essential amino acids, minerals and essential fatty acids like γ-linolenic acid (GLA). The spirulina biomass was evaluated for antioxidant potential viz. Spirulina is a fresh water microalgae which has been used as a food supplement since many years. Jan 1, 2012 · Spirulina are multicellular and filamentous blue green algae that has gained considerable popularity in the health food industry and increasingly as a protein and vitamin supplement to Spirulina is a fresh water microalgae which has been used as a food supplement since many years and contains a diverse concentration of nutrients and has emerged as a wonder drug because of its varied uses. After C-PC extraction, the Spirulina residual biomass (RB) is rich in proteins and fatty a wide range of macro- and micronutrients of human health benefits is spirulina. Spirulina may grow without soil if it is grown in water. 27%, respectively, without Jun 1, 2019 · PDF | Spirulina is fresh water inhabiting filamentous cyanobacteria. The moisture content was determined by oven drying the fresh biomass of spirulina at 60°C overnight; the percentage loss in weight after drying was the moisture part of spirulina. In recent years, spirulina | Find, read and cite all the research you The species Arthrospira platensis is described and a review of the literature in regards to four main areas of Spirulina research: Immune system modulation; anti-viral activity; cancer preventive properties, and cardiovascular benefits is provided. 62%, 162. , 2004). Usharani*, P. Feb 25, 2024 · In recent decades, as a result of rising mortality rates due to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), there has been a growing urgency to find alternative approaches to conventional pharmaceutical treatment to prevent the onset of chronic diseases. The number of research articles discussing the beneficial effects of spirulina is increasing every year. For these reasons, space agencies such as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) have promoted it as a food and supplement for astronauts during their space missions since small amounts are able to provide different nutrients and Mar 1, 2021 · PDF | Limited consumption of natural food stuff in the 21 st century has led to deficiency of vitamins and other important minerals in the human body. It is extensively utilized as a nutraceutical food supplement all over the world due to its high levels of functional compounds, such as phycocyanins, phenols and polysaccharides, with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulating properties both in vivo and in vitro. 88%, 296. Kanchana Department of Microbiology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar - 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India Received 11 Sep 2012; Revised 27 Nov 2012; Accepted 03 Dec 2012 ABSTRACT Jan 29, 2022 · The Influence of Cu 2+ and Pb 2+ ions on the Formation of Biomass and Chlorophyll of Spirulina. Citation 2022). Spirulina’s high protein content and complete amino acid profile make it an ideal candidate to meet this demand Spirulina is a microalga that presents various important pro-health properties, for instance lowering blood pressure in the research. Humanity has not | Find, read and cite all the research you Apr 22, 2019 · As a result of this research, based on 5 articles, it was shown that the consumption of 500 mg of spirulina algae for 12 weeks, in humans, has beneficial effects on values that indicate overweight Nov 1, 2017 · In recent years, Spirulina has gathered enormous attention from research fraternity as well as industries as a flourishing source of nutraceutical and pharmaceuticals. There are several different ways to cultivate spirulina, including open ponds, hybrid systems, vertical column PBR, flat plate PBR, tubular PBR, and internally illuminated PBR. Spirulina, a cyanobacteria commonly referred to as a blue-green algae, is one of the oldest lifeforms on Earth. The Phycocyanin is used as colourant in food green algae, including Spirulina platensis. Spirulina is a single-cell protein rich in all essential nutrients and vitamins and can be used to produce functional food. 1993). 25 Hypocholesterolaemic effect was initially shown in animal trials. 47%, 76. Abstract. In the present work, the three main area of Spirulina research: growth, harvesting and potential application are presented. It is classified within the phylum known as blue-green algae. Methods The biomass of Spirulina is produced batch culture by large-scale culture (1000 L) cultivated experiment was conducted in the laboratory. Thus, Spirulina can prevent diabetes, cancer, emotional fatigue and stress. Spirulina must be grown at a minimum temperature of 20°C, although it can also thrive at temperatures as high as 37°C. Spirulina's biochemical composition, health properties/effects in humans, and effects in athletes including nutritional status, body composition, physical performance and intense exercise-related This review focuses on the role of Spirulina in the brain, highlighting how it exerts its beneficial anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, acting on glial cell activation, and in the prevention and/or progression of neurodegenerative diseases, in particular Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease and Multiple Sclerosis; due to these Apr 1, 2010 · The purpose of this paper is to first describe the species Arthrospira platensis, previously referenced as ‘Spirulina platensis’ (commonly referred to as ‘Spirulina’), and then to provide An overview of the effects of Spirulina on the various districts of the human body. 04, FeSO 4 7H 2 O – 0. Extensive studies Spirulina is a natural functional agent, and generally safe supplement with a low cost, along with a beneficial impact on improving metabolic abnormalities manifest in type 2 diabetes. The phycocyanin from Spirulina has antioxidant [8], anti - inflamatory and hepatoprotective properties [9]. Cell division occurs by binary fission. , 2016, Falkowski et al. 7; content in g/L: NaHCO 3 – 16. In fact, the first two months of this year, saw about May 6, 2020 · The nutritional and therapeutic potential of Spirulina is reviewed, which is considered as superfood and a natural supplement to strengthen the immune system and personal health, immunity, social distancing and basic protection measures are extremely important. 0, NaCl – 1. 5, NaNO 3 – 2. 27%, respectively ISSN 0976 – 3333 Available Online at www. 01, EDTA – 0. Scope and approach The primary objective of this paper is to review the utilization of Spirulina as a dietary supplement in the food industry. Of allthe microbial source Spirulina is the major source of Phycocyanin. 57% and contains a high proportion of essential amino acids (38. ijpba. 5, K 2 SO 4 – 1. Saranraj and D. SummaryThe purpose of this paper is to first describe the species Arthrospira platensis, previously referenced as ‘Spirulina platensis Global Journal on Advances in Pure & Applied Sciences Vol 4 (2014) 365-371 Selected Paper of 1st World Conference on Health Sciences (H-SCI 2014), 24-26 April 2014, Zeynep Sentido Hotel Convention Center, Antalya, Turkey Review for uses and therapeutic effects of spirulina, Spirulina platensis microalgae Mansoreh Ghaeni*, Department of It which is water-soluble ascorbate and vitamin E, can boost innate and acquired defense processes which is lipid-soluble α-Tocopherol (Sharoba, 2014) such as cytokines, allowing the body to help itself Pigments: Phycocyanin, beta carotene, and xantho- and capable of managing a number of illness such phylls are the pigments found in spirulina Antioxidants in Spirulina are the most powerful scavengers of free radicals in the body. A single-blinded non-randomized controlled trial conducted on type 2 diabetes patients supplemented 7 grams of Oct 14, 2019 · In the present study, the microalga Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira) was grown in two horizontal photobioreactors (HPBR) under two different irradiances (150 and 270 μmol m-2 s-2). 26 Later in 1990, Iwata et al conducted the first preclinical trial on young and healthy Wistar rats, which were artificially induced with hyperlipidaemia by feeding a high-fructose diet. (2019). Epub 2007 Jun 28. It has the ability to modulate immune functions and exhibits anti-inflammatory Jul 1, 2010 · In recent years, spirulina has attracted scientific attention, not only for its various health benefits, but also at a micro level of understanding the mechanisms of action of its various Mar 7, 2023 · PDF | Spirulina, blue-green algae is now worldwide used as a dietary supplement owing to its richness in protein (50-60%), antioxidants, essential fatty | Find, read and cite all the Spirulina microalgae contain a plethora of nutrient and non-nutrient molecules providing brain health benefits. 99% and 57. In house cultivated Spirulina powder was incorporated at 2 to 15% concentrations to enrich pasta prepared from semolina. The favorable effects of spirulina suggest it may be a beneficial adjuvant therapy in conjunction with conventional medicine. Aug 30, 2024 · The surging popularity of plant-based diets and the growing emphasis on clean-label products have intensified interest in Spirulina within the food industry. 100 µL of bacterial inoculum (1x10 8 CFU/mL) and fungal spore suspension (2. | Find, read and cite all the research you 5 Antioxidant Research Food Chem Toxicol. In this paper, uses and therapeutic effect of spirulina have been reviewed according to new researches. Small-scale commercial production of Spirulina Spirulina cultivation has a number of advantages over traditional agriculture: High yield With around 60 percent protein content, Spirulina's rapid growth means it yields 20 times more protein per unit area than soybeans, 40 times more than corn, and over 200 times more than beef. Jan 1, 2011 · PDF | Spirulina or Arthrospira is a blue-green alga that became famous after it was successfully used by NASA as a dietary supplement for astronauts on | Find, read and cite all the research Jan 1, 2024 · (A) Number of publications containing the word “Spirulina” in their title, abstract, or keywords list available in Scopus, (B) Top-10 countries by number of scientific publications containing the word “Spirulina” during the period 2017–2022, and (C) most frequent keywords in the research articles published during the period 2017–2022. Spirulina is widely used as a dietary supplement throughout the world. , 1985, Geider et al. May 19, 2021 · Spirulina can be a suitable substitute for many antimicrobial compounds and synthetic antioxidants that not only pose no risk to the consumer but can also improve consumer health. The main | Find, read and cite all the research you need Mar 9, 2012 · PDF | On Mar 9, 2012, Nasreen Mohi Alddin Abdulrahman published Spirulina | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate Blood lipids Animal studies. , 2016, Huesemann et al. As more people adopt vegetarian, vegan, or flexitarian lifestyles, demand for plant-based protein sources has escalated. Spirulina, a blue-green algae that is a member of the Oscillatoriaceae family, is derived from Spirulina maxima or Spirulina platensis. It has been used as a good food supplement since long. For spirulina to thrive, it needs chemicals and minerals, and the pH of the growth medium should be between 8 and 11. Spirulina is virtually fat free. . , 2016, Pedrosa Bezerra et al. The study aims to appraise the efficacy of Spirulina administration on systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure Jun 30, 2017 · PDF | On Jun 30, 2017, Vatsala Saharan and others published NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION OF SPIRULINA PLATENSIS POWDER AND ITS ACCEPTABILITY IN FOOD PRODUCTS. Mar 20, 2023 · Spirulina in syrups. Several scientific publications Jan 22, 2024 · Finally, the dose of spirulina administered to patients in this study is around 0. It is also known as a cyanobacterium. catalase, SOD, GPx, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, and reduced GSH; phytonutrients contents like total phenol, flavonoid, tannin, carbohydrates, and proteins in both aqueous and Mar 29, 2024 · Presently, there has been an increase in the consumption of the blue–green microalga–spirulina (Arthrospira species), which dominates 99. In fact, one of the most important problems in the food industry is the use of synthetic . Nov 1, 2020 · PDF | Microalgae Spirulina is widely known after NASA successfully used it as a space travel nutritional supplement for astronauts. The biomass of Spirulina platensis has been got via cultivation in standard Zarrouk’s medium (pH–8. Spirulina grows in both fresh and saltwater sources and is known for its high protein and micronutrient content. Spirulina was also suggested as a potential lipid-lowering functional ingredient by Chen et al. Spirulina incorporation led to development of green color pasta with nutritional and functional fortification resulting in increase in its protein, total phenols, flavonoids, iron and calcium content by up to 77. Owing to its nutrient abundance, spirulina has a variety of potential applications. Bao-Liang Xu collected data and analyzed This research received no specific grant from any funding Aug 22, 2023 · Spirulina consists of a cluster of green-colored cyanobacteria; it is commonly consumed as a food or food supplement rich in bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity, predominantly C-phycocyanin (C-PC), which is related to anti-inflammatory action and anticancer potential when consumed frequently. , 2011, Gonçalves et al. 5 g per day during six weeks) or in combination with exercise (twice weekly during six weeks) led not only to reduced body fat percentage but also increased weight loss and time to reach fatigue. Many items have impacts on recombinant protein production in making it affordable, the most important of which is host with its characteristics such as compatibility, yields, expression system, costs, environmental effects wrote the paper. Spirulina fusiformis provides protection against mercuric chloride Feb 5, 2022 · Spirulina is a microscopic, filamentous cyanobacterium that grows in alkaline water bodies. Along with its therapeutic potential and applications in the food … Recently, Spirulina has been commercially cultivated for its bluish green pigment called Phycocyanin. Also, the number of indications where spirulina is being utilized as an ideal dietary supplement is growing. 08; and prevention and treatment. 66 mg / 100 g), which helps the growth and nutrition of the child brain, also rich in calcium and iron Aug 1, 2021 · The aim of current paper was to focus on spirulina transformation researches and reason to select the host and procedures to optimize a transformation system were given. Acidic polysaccharides from Spirulina such as calcium spirulan (Ca-SP) are the of Spirulina sp, and (ii) to assess the impact of large-scale culture at ambient temperature on the nutrition status of Spirulina sp. As it | Find, read and cite all the research you need Spirulina. The main objective of this article is to present an overview of the nutritional composition of Spirulina. 81% of the protein) and a source of naturally rich in vitamins especially vitamin B complex such as vitamin B12 (193 μg / 10 g) and folic acid (9. May 19, 2021 · In this review, we have discussed the important nutrient, bioactive properties, and immunological applications of Spirulina. 3 × 10 3 CFU/mL) were spread on MHA and SDA plates surface, respectively. This review paper will cover the effects of spirulina on weight loss and blood lipids. For crude protein, a semi May 22, 2023 · PDF | Spirulina, a blue-green microalga is an eminent functional food due to its unique nutritional and disease-mitigating properties. Currently, however, numerous people are looking Nov 27, 2023 · PDF | Chlorella, Nannochloropsis, Dunaliella, Schizochitrium, and Spirulina are just a few of the many genera of microalgae, which are unicellular and | Find, read and cite all the research you Aug 30, 2022 · Spirulina is a kind of blue-green algae (BGA) that is multicellular, filamentous, and prokaryotic. Analysis of moisture followed the procedure described by Quarmby and Allen (1989). 0, MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O – 0. Dan Wan, Kamil Kuča, in Nutraceuticals, 2016. Human history has witnessed various pandemics throughout, and these cause disastrous effects on human health and country’s economy Jan 1, 2021 · PDF | Spirulina is multi-cellular and filamentous cyano-bacteria that have gained substantial predominance in the health sector, food industry and | Find, read and cite all the research you Jan 31, 2022 · PDF | The nutritional and health benefits of Spirulina have been known for thousands of years. Jun 16, 2022 · The spirulina was collected from a local farm of Pondicherry and mass cultured in our research laboratory. Spirulina incorporation led to development of green color pasta with nutritional and functional fortification resulting in increase in its protein, total phenols, flavonoids, iron and calcium content by up to 77. The NCI research group found 60 various cyanobacteria culture to have the bioactive substances that caused significant antiviral effect by reducing cytopathic effects induced by viral infections (Patterson et al. | Find, read and cite all the research you Sep 1, 2017 · PDF | Background Spirulina is multicellular and filamentous cyanobacteria that have achieved a considerable popularity in the health sector, food | Find, read and cite all the research you need Nov 1, 2020 · Consumption of Spirulina alone (4. 2007 Dec;45(12):2412-9. The currently literature supports In this study, spirulina which is one of the blue-green algae rich in protein 61. It is produced commercially and sold as a food supplement in health food stores around the world. The previously saturated discs (6 mm) were placed on both sides of MHA and SDA plates. 8, K 2 HPO 4 – 0. The current research suggests that spirulina supplementations have Spirulina or Arthrospira is a blue-green alga that became famous after it was successfully used by NASA as a dietary supplement for astronauts on space missions. Concluding Remarks and Future Directions. 5 times higher. Numerous in vivo evidence has provided support for the brain health potential of spirulina, highlighting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, This paper mainly aims to review the interest and effects of Spirulina supplementation in athletes at rest, and in relation to exercise/training. Jan 31, 2023 · Spirulina, a blue-green microalga is an eminent functional food due to its unique nutritional and disease-mitigating properties. 2. 5% of the total world production of microalgae. 2, CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O – 0. Spirulina has been speculated to have lipid lowering capabilities since 1981. wzna qmqbo aszvek kgopcoc lqddf utlc phet ljkjwp exvgyntg fpqrv